云南西畴县农村户用沼气池常见故障及处理方法_资讯

云南西畴县农村户用沼气池常见故障及处理方法

2015-05-19 08:31 点击:137

　　从1990—2012年以来，我县共建成沼气池43303口，建设覆盖率达78.29%。但由于沼气用户重建轻管，导致部分沼气池年久失修，出现池体老化、漏气或不产气、粪满未出、管线老化、灶具损坏等诸多原因，致使我县大部分沼气难以正常使用而处于闲置状态，沼气利用率偏低，现就农村沼气常见故障及处理方法介绍如下，供沼气用户参考：

normalTable style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; MARGIN: auto 6.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-table-overlap: never; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-table-left: 95.3pt; mso-table-top: 38.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 align=left border=1>

normal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 12.75pt 36.0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>故障表现	normal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>原因	normal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>处理方法
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">燃烧时火焰不稳定，压力表水柱上下波动	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">输气管道内有积水	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">可拔开天窗口盖上的输气管，从管道另一端吹气，排出管道内积水，并且在管道最低处安装积水瓶，并经常清出瓶内冷凝水。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">关上开关，压力表柱表急升，打开开关，压力表水柱急降	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">拐弯处扭曲或导气管堵塞，管道通气不畅	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">疏通导气管，理顺管道。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">压力表不升或上升缓慢	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">沼气池或输气管漏气；沼气发酵接种物不足；发酵原料不足	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">检修沼气池或输气管道，增添新鲜发酵原料；增加沼气发酵接种物。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">压力表上升慢，到一定高度不再上升	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">管道或气箱漏气；进料管或出料间有漏气孔	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">检修沼气池管道和气箱，堵塞进、出料间出现的漏水孔。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">压力表上升快，使用时下降也快	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">池内发酵料液过多或有浮渣，气箱容积变小	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">取出一些浮渣或料液，适当增大气箱。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">压力表上升快，气多，但较长时间点不燃	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">发酵不正常，发酵原料接种物少	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">放了池内不可燃气体，增添接种物或换掉大部分料液、调节酸碱度。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">开始产气正常，以后明显下降或逐渐下降	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">明显下降是管道漏气，逐渐下降是未添新料；或池内装有刚喷过药物的原料，影响正常发酵	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">取出一些旧料；检查维修系统漏气问题；堆沤收集的原料，等药性消失后再入池。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">平时用气正常，突然无气用	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">输气管断裂或脱节；活动盖被冲开；输气管被老鼠咬破；压力表漏气；池子突然出现漏水漏气；用后未关严阀门	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">重新安装活动盖；接通输气管；更换破损的管道；修复压力表；检查维修；用后关紧阀门。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">产气量正常但燃烧火力小或火焰呈红黄色	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">火焰呈红黄色是池内发酵液过酸，沼气甲烷含量少；火力小是炉具喷嘴堵塞；空气配合不合理	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">适量加入草木灰或牛粪，取出部分旧料，添加新料；用细铁丝桶通喷嘴清扫炉具的喷火孔；调节炉具空气调节板
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">产气正常，炉具完好，但火力不足	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">沼气炉具混合空气不合理	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">调节炉具空气调节板。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">电子脉冲点火失灵	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">电子脉冲点火不发火；发火针氧化，有污垢；打火架固定螺丝松动	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">清理干净，用沙皮打磨；拧紧打火架螺丝；更换电池。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">沼气灯点不亮或时明时亮	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">沼气中甲烷含量不足，压力不稳定；纱罩型号与沼气灯的要求压力不配套；喷嘴口径不当；输气管内有积水	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">增添发酵原料和接种物提高沼气产气量和甲烷含量；用适宜的喷嘴高节进气阀；选用优质纱罩；疏通调正喷嘴；排出管道中的积水；安装接水瓶。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">排渣管排渣不正常	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">排渣管下端被沉渣淤积；液位差不够；有积秆等纤维塞住排渣管	normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-element-left: 95.35pt; mso-element-top: 38.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">从排渣池多除料液到水压池；用竹杆捅通排渣管从或从水压池取些清液倒入排渣池，并经常排渣；或用抓钩掏出长纤维或者大出料一次。

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